Plaintiffs who sue under section 1 of the Sherman Act must allege a contract, combination, or conspiracy that restrains competition.  Some kinds of conspiracies so patently harm competition that courts presume injury and call them "per se" violations.  Agreements between competitors to fix prices, not to compete for specific customers or in particular areas, and to boycott

The Supreme Court of Texas voted 5-3 today to decertify a class action.  The class representative, a company that audits telephone bills and seeks refunds for customers, alleged on behalf of a Texas class that Southwestern Bell overcharged by collecting municipal fees it did not have to pay.  The majority held that the assignee couldn't adequately represent the

On Monday, the Second Circuit reversed dismissal of a securities fraud case against Smith Barney/Citigroup for misleading mutual fund investors about the true cost of "transfer agent" services, for which the mutual funds paid an outside vendor.  After a few years, the transfer agent, at SmithBarneyCitigroup's request, started rebating most of the fees to SmithBarney/Citigroup.  SmithBarney/Citigroup

The U.S. Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation convenes every other month to hear argument on motions to centralize or consolidate multidistrict cases for pretrial proceedings in one district court.  The Panel's members hail from around the country and gather for Panel hearings at a variety of places, too.

Last month, the MDL Panel met in

Blawgletter hails from the state whose official song once noted its status as "largest and grandest, withstanding ev'ry test/O Empire wide and glorious, you stand supremely blest".

The "largest" moved to "boldest" in 1959, when the Union let Alaska in.

Today the Ninth Circuit subdued Texas law's fondness for quelling aggregate litigation.  The panel declared a